ZnO-NPs as an efficient reusable heterogeneous catalyst for synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyrimidine derivatives in solvent-free conditions

An efficient synthesis route to 1,4-dihydropyrimidine derivatives from reaction of divergent aldehydes with ethylacetoacetate and urea under solvent-free conditions by ZnO nanoparticles as a relative in expansive, eco-friendly, easy available, non-volatile, non-explosion, thermally robust, recyclable and easy to handle catalyst at 90°C with excellent yields is described. Unenhanced reaction times, simple reaction protocol and work-up, have been improved synthesis of these materials in the presence of this heterogeneous catalyst.